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Polio is a disease that attacks the nervous system and is caused by the polio virus, which mainly affects children.
Risk factors. People often catch it by eating contaminated food or drinking contaminated water. It can present as an asymptomatic infection such as fever, meningitis and also as paralysis, which is the best known form.
The virus is introduced orally and replicates in the gastrointestinal tract; it spreads throughout the body via the blood and invades the central nervous system and selectively attacks the motor nerve cells, resulting in the paralysis that characterises the disease.
Treatment. The oral vaccine provides lasting and effective immunity.
