Dizziness and Vertigo

Dizziness is defined as a feeling of buoyancy or patients’ insecurity in respect to the surrounding environment.

Vertigo is defined as the illusory sense of movement in the environment.

We must clearly differentiate between dizziness-instability and vertigo itself, because both symptoms may be due to radically different causes.

Causes. Dizziness may be due to neurological, cardiac, metabolic causes, etc., and vertigo itself is usually due to vestibular causes (that is to say, arising from the peripheral or central vestibular pathway).

The most common causes of vertigo are usually:

Meniere's Disease or Endolymphatic Hydrops: characterised by episodic rotary vertigo associated with tinnitus (if you perceive a sound that does not exist in the environment, often described as "a buzz, beep, noise") and hearing loss (partial loss of auditory capacity) that is fluctuating (usually unilateral).

Vestibular Neuronitis: characterised by intense crisis of rotary vertigo for 24-48 hours without auditory symptoms. It can leave residual instability.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: characterised by recurrent episodes of rotary vertigo, lasting seconds and related to certain postural changes.

Creation date: 17/09/2015 - Last modification date: 09/10/2015

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