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The two most common causes of acute pancreatitis are gallstones in the gallbladder (cholelithiasis) and excessive alcohol consumption.
Gallstones produce pancreatitis when moving into the bile duct and clogging the release of enzymes from the pancreas into the intestine.
Alcohol has a direct toxic effect and can also lead to chronic pancreatitis.
Other causes are the significant increase in the levels of fat in the blood (hypertriglyceridemia), sustained increase in blood calcium (hypercalcemia), obstruction of the pancreatic duct outlet, blows to the abdomen and some surgical procedures.
