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A stomach ulcer is a gastric mucosal injury; the continuous irritation from the mechanisms that produce the lesion cause localized tissue loss with some scarring.
The pathophysiological cause is the imbalance between protective factors and irritants of the gastrointestinal mucosa. Risk factors for developing ulcers are taking NSAID drugs, drinking alcohol and Helicobacter pylori infections.
Prevention. Avoid prolonged use of anti-inflammatories, tobacco and alcohol.
Treatments include drugs to reduce stomach acids or antibiotics to eradicate Helicobacter pylori. Surgery may be necessary for ulcers if there is a relapse or if complications are developed.
