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Paraplegia is paralysis of the lower body, which affects both legs. Paralysis that affects the arms and legs is a tetraplegia.
The spinal cord is the main means of communication between the brain and the rest of the body. A cylindrical rib structure extends from the brain stem and ends at the first lumbar vertebrae.
The bone is protected by the vertebrae of the spine. Trauma to the spinal cord is usually caused by a blow that fractures or a dislocated vertebra. In a complete spinal cord injury, the spinal cord cannot transmit messages below the level of injury. As a result, the patient is paralyzed below that point.
